Land is one of the most important natural resources on Earth. It refers to the Earth’s terrestrial surface consisting of forests, deserts, human settlement areas and agricultural lands. Land is essential for the provision of food, water and energy for many living systems and is critical to human activity. Land is used spatially (water reservoirs) and temporally (shifting cultivation, dumping grounds) for many purposes. Agriculture and Forestry The two dominant land use activities are agriculture and forestry. Agro-ecosystems cover more than a quarter of the global land area. Agricultural land use depends on the types of crops and agronomics systems which can vary from intensively managed monocultures, to more organic systems involving annual and perennial crops. Over most of the history, including much of the 20 th century, agricultural output has increased primarily bringing more land into production through conversion of forests and natural grasslands. Extractive purposes ...
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